1.高溫均勻退火的原因
　　1. Reasons for high temperature uniform annealing
　　鋁合金板材能經(jīng)受高溫均勻退火與它的表面有較強(qiáng)而致密的氧化膜有關(guān)。在非平衡合金錠以上固相溫度加熱,晶間和低熔點(diǎn)樹(shù)突細(xì)胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)組件之間融化,會(huì)發(fā)生如果沒(méi)有緊湊的表面氧化膜保護(hù),周?chē)髿庵醒鯕夂推渌麣怏w沿晶間融化滲透,晶界氧化,晶間組合將被摧毀,導(dǎo)致鑄錠廢(燃燒)。然而，由于鋁合金錠表面有一層致密的氧化膜保護(hù)，除了極薄的表面層外，錠內(nèi)不會(huì)發(fā)生晶間氧化。此時(shí)，在長(zhǎng)期高溫的作用下，未氧化的非平衡易熔材料將逐漸溶入鋁基a的固溶體中，使組織均勻化過(guò)程相對(duì)完成。鋁合金錠中往往含有一定量的氫，在高溫均質(zhì)化時(shí)，氫會(huì)偏于熔融液相形成氣孔，這些氣孔可能在熱變形時(shí)被焊接，但對(duì)產(chǎn)品性能的影響應(yīng)仔細(xì)研究。

　　It is related to the strong and compact oxide film on the surface of aluminum alloy sheet that can withstand high temperature uniform annealing. If the solid phase temperature is heated above the non-equilibrium alloy ingot, the melting between the intergranular and low melting point dendritic cell network components will occur. If there is no compact surface oxidation film protection, oxygen and other gases in the surrounding atmosphere will melt and permeate along the intergranular, the grain boundary will be oxidized, and the intergranular combination will be destroyed, leading to the ingot waste (combustion). However, due to the protection of a dense oxide film on the surface of aluminum alloy ingot, intergranular oxidation will not occur in the ingot except for the extremely thin surface layer. At this time, under the action of long-term high temperature, the non-equilibrium and non oxidized fusible materials will gradually dissolve into the solid solution of aluminum matrix A, so that the process of homogenization of the structure is relatively completed. Aluminum alloy ingots often contain a certain amount of hydrogen. During high temperature homogenization, hydrogen will form pores in the molten phase, which may be welded during thermal deformation, but the effect on product performance should be studied carefully.
　　2.高溫非均勻退火的求解
　　2. Solution of high temperature non-uniform annealing
　　大多數(shù)鋁合金板不能在上述高溫下退火。為了使均質(zhì)過(guò)程更加迅速和徹底，避免過(guò)燒，可以在低于非平衡固體線的溫度下加熱。然后，到一個(gè)更高的溫度，完成均勻退火過(guò)程。這種分步加熱工藝已在超高強(qiáng)度鋁合金中得到應(yīng)用。
　　Most aluminum alloy plates cannot be annealed at the above high temperature. In order to make the homogenization process more rapid and thorough and avoid overburning, it can be heated at a temperature lower than the non-equilibrium solid line. Then, to a higher temperature, complete the uniform annealing process. This step heating process has been applied in ultra-high strength aluminum alloy.
　　合理的退火溫度范圍通常是通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定的，特別是對(duì)于多組分合金。根據(jù)狀態(tài)圖和DSC分析，可以大致選擇一個(gè)溫度范圍。在此范圍內(nèi)，可以觀察到不同溫度(同一時(shí)間)退火后的組織(是否過(guò)燒)和性能變化，確定合理的溫度范圍。
　　The reasonable annealing temperature range is usually determined by experiments, especially for multicomponent alloys. According to the state diagram and DSC analysis, a temperature range can be roughly selected. In this range, the change of microstructure (overburning or not) and properties after annealing at different temperatures (at the same time) can be observed, and a reasonable temperature range can be determined.
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